Which laboratory tests should be monitored for an older adult with diabetes mellitus?

Monitoring A1C and serum creatinine levels in older adults with diabetes mellitus is crucial for effective management of the condition.

The A1C test provides an overall picture of the patient's blood glucose levels over the past two to three months, indicating how well diabetes is being managed. An A1C level of 7% or lower is often the target for older adults, as it correlates with reduced risks of diabetes-related complications. Regular monitoring helps guide treatment adjustments and ensures that blood sugar levels remain within an acceptable range.

Serum creatinine is important because diabetes can lead to renal impairment, making kidney function monitoring essential. Elevated creatinine levels can indicate a decline in kidney health, prompting further evaluation and intervention. Since older adults are at increased risk for both diabetes and renal issues, this test helps healthcare providers manage and prevent further complications.

In the context of the other choices, while tests like AST/ALT, urinalysis, BUN, and ferritin may offer insights into other health aspects, they do not specifically address the primary concerns related to diabetes management in older adults. For instance, liver function tests (AST/ALT) are crucial in other contexts but are not as directly relevant to diabetes monitoring as A1C and creatinine levels